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Data

Enhanced Framework

ARCII estimates — Enhanced Framework (2006–2023)

ARCII Composition and Data Sources — Enhanced Framework

ARCII Panel PCA-Derived Weights — Enhanced Framework

Country coverage — Enhanced Framework

Indicator data — Enhanced Framework (2006–2023)

Global Integration Index (GII) and Regional Integration Index (RII)

GII and RII estimates (2006–2021)

GII and RII Composition and Data Sources — Enhanced Framework

GII and RII Panel PCA-Derived Weights — Enhanced Framework (2006–2021)

Country coverage — GII and RII Framework

Indicator data — GII and RII (2006–2021)

Baseline Framework

ARCII estimates — Baseline Framework (2006–2018)

ARCII Index Composition and Data Sources — Baseline Framework

ARCII Panel PCA-Derived Weights — Baseline Framework

Country coverage — Baseline Framework

Indicator data — Baseline Framework (2006–2018)

Primary References:

Tani, M., Avendano, R., and L. Tolin. 2024. Regionalism, Productivity, and Innovation: An Empirical Investigation. ADB Economics Working Paper Series. No. 760. Manila: Asian Development Bank.

Asian Development Bank. 2023. Measuring Globalization: Framework, Analysis, and Implications. Manila. 

Asian Development Bank. 2021. Asia-Pacific Regional Cooperation and Integration Index: Enhanced Framework, Analysis and Applications. Manila. 

Huh, H.S. and C. Y. Park. 2021. A New Index of Globalisation: Measuring Impacts of Integration on Economic Growth and Income Inequality. The World Economy. 44 (2). pp. 409–443. 

Huh, H. S. and C. Y. Park. 2018. Asia-Pacific Regional Integration Index: Construction, Interpretation, and Comparison. Journal of Asian Economics. 54 (C). pp. 22–38. 

Park, C. Y., and R. Claveria. 2018. Constructing the Asia-Pacific Regional Cooperation and Integration Index: A Panel Approach. SSRN Electronic Journal. 

Park, C. Y. and R. Claveria. 2018. Does Regional Integration Matter for Inclusive Growth? Evidence from the Multidimensional Regional Integration Index. Economics Working Paper Series No. 559. Manila: Asian Development Bank. 

Huh, H. S. and C. Y. Park. 2017. Asia-Pacific Regional Integration Index: Construction, Interpretation, and Comparison. ADB Economics Working Paper Series. No. 511. Manila: Asian Development Bank. 

Additional References Citing ARCII:

Asian Economic Integration Report Series

Asian Development Bank. 2025. Asian Economic Integration Report 2025: Harnessing the Benefits of Regional Cooperation and Integration. Manila.

Asian Development Bank. 2024. Asian Economic Integration Report 2024: Decarbonizing Global Value Chains. Manila.

Asian Development Bank. 2023. Asian Economic Integration Report 2023: Trade, Investment, and Climate Change in Asia and the Pacific. Manila.

Asian Development Bank. 2022. Asian Economic Integration Report 2022: Advancing Digital Services Trade in Asia and the Pacific. Manila.

Asian Development Bank. 2021. Asian Economic Integration Report 2021: Making Digital Platforms Work for Asia and the Pacific. Manila.

ADB Development Effectiveness Results Series

Asian Development Bank. 2025. 2024 Development Effectiveness Review. Manila.

Asian Development Bank. 2024. 2023 Development Effectiveness Review. Manila.

Asian Development Bank. 2023. 2022 Development Effectiveness Review. Manila.