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Macroeconomic Indicators
Regional Cooperation and Integration database:

AEIR Data Catalogue

A compilation of all figures and tables from the Asian Economic Integration Reports. Download data in CSV or follow links to view specific figure or table from the report.


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Merchandise Trade Value Growth—Asia and the Pacific (% change, year-on-year)
Trade-Related Measures Imposed on Asia and the Pacific (number)
Services Trade Value Growth—Asia and the Pacific (% change, year-on-year)
Inward Foreign Direct Investment—Asia and the Pacific ($ billion)
Nonresident Portfolio Inflows—Asia and the Pacific ($ billion)
Average Statutory Corporate Income Tax Rate and New Investment Incentives by Region
Perceived Solvency Risk—Asia and the Pacific (basis points)
Remittances Growth—Selected Asian Economies (%, year-on-year)
International Tourist Arrivals—Selected Asian Economies (January 2020 = 100, 12-month moving sum)
Overall and Dimensional Integration Indexes—Asia and the Pacific
Indexes of Regional Integration
Carbon Intensive and Non-Carbon Intensive Foreign Direct Investment by Host Region (%)
Effect of Regional Trade Agreements on Essential Medical Goods Trade Accounting for COVID-19 Cases
Digital Services Trade Restrictiveness— World and Asia and the Pacific (median)
Comparison of Digital Trade Provisions in Regional Agreements
Merchandise and Services Trade Volume and Real Output Growth— Asia and the Pacific versus World (%, year-on-year)
Growing Global and Regional Export Shares of the People’s Republic of China
Monthly Trade, by Value and Volume— Asia and the Pacific
Shipping Costs and Freight Rates— Weekly Indicators (z-scores)
Manufacturing Purchasing Managers’ Index
Confidence and Production Indexes versus Asia and Pacific Trade (a) Consumer confidence versus Asia and Pacific exports
Confidence and Production Indexes versus Asia and Pacific Trade (b) Consumer confidence versus Asia and Pacific imports
Confidence and Production Indexes versus Asia and Pacific Trade (c) Industrial production versus Asia and Pacific exports
Confidence and Production Indexes versus Asia and Pacific Trade (d) Industrial production versus Asia and Pacific imports
Confidence and Production Indexes versus Asia and Pacific Trade by Commodity (a) Consumer confidence versus Asia and Pacific consumption goods exports
Confidence and Production Indexes versus Asia and Pacific Trade by Commodity (b) Consumer confidence versus consumption goods imports of Asia and the Pacific
Confidence and Production Indexes versus Asia and Pacific Trade by Commodity (c) Industrial production versus Asia and Pacific intermediate goods exports
Confidence and Production Indexes versus Asia and Pacific Trade by Commodity (d) Industrial production versus intermediate goods imports of Asia and the Pacific
Confidence and Production Indexes versus Asia and Pacific Trade by Commodity (e) Industrial production versus Asia and Pacific capital goods exports
Confidence and Production Indexes versus Asia and Pacific Trade by Commodity (f) Industrial production versus capital goods imports of Asia and the Pacific
Intraregional Trade Share—Merchandise versus Services Trade (%) (a) Merchandise trade
Intraregional Trade Share—Merchandise versus Services Trade (%) (b) Services trade
Merchandise and Services Trade of Asia and the Pacific, By Partner (% of total) (a) Merchandise trade
Merchandise and Services Trade of Asia and the Pacific, By Partner (% of total) (b) Services trade
Intraregional Trade Shares by Asian Subregion (%)
Gravity Model Estimation of Bilateral Exports
Global and Regional Value Chain Participation Rates and Shares of Their Components (a) GVC and RVC participation rates (%)
Global and Regional Value Chain Participation Rates and Shares of Their Components (b) 2021 Share of GVC and RVC components to world’s gross exports
Global and Regional Value Chain Participation Rate—Asia and the Pacific (%) (a) Asia-to-World GVC participation rate
Global and Regional Value Chain Participation Rate—Asia and the Pacific (%) (b) Asia-to-Asia Gross RVC participation rate
Regional Value Chain–Global Value Chain Intensity By Region
Regional Value Chain–Global Value Chain Intensity by Major Sector—Asia and the Pacific
Regional Value Chain–Global Value Chain Intensity—Asian Subregions (3-year moving average) (a) Intraregional
Regional Value Chain–Global Value Chain Intensity—Asian Subregions (3-year moving average) (b) Intrasubregional
Decline in Global and Regional Value Chain Participation in Asia and the Pacific (without the primary sector in simple linkages)
Changes in Asia’s Simple and Complex Global and Regional Value Chain Participation Rates (without the primary sector in all linkages) (a) Simple linkages
Changes in Asia’s Simple and Complex Global and Regional Value Chain Participation Rates (without the primary sector in all linkages) (b) Complex linkages
Growth of Trade Values and Volumes in Selected Food and Energy Commodities—Asia and the Pacific (%, year-on-year, 3-month moving average) (a) Corn and wheat exports
Growth of Trade Values and Volumes in Selected Food and Energy Commodities—Asia and the Pacific (%, year-on-year, 3-month moving average) (b) Palm oil and rice exports
Growth of Trade Values and Volumes in Selected Food and Energy Commodities—Asia and the Pacific (%, year-on-year, 3-month moving average) (c) Crude oil and natural gas exports
Growth of Trade Values and Volumes in Selected Food and Energy Commodities—Asia and the Pacific (%, year-on-year, 3-month moving average) (d) Corn and wheat imports
Growth of Trade Values and Volumes in Selected Food and Energy Commodities—Asia and the Pacific (%, year-on-year, 3-month moving average) (e) Palm oil and rice imports
Growth of Trade Values and Volumes in Selected Food and Energy Commodities—Asia and the Pacific (%, year-on-year, 3-month moving average) (f) Crude oil and natural gas imports
Average Prices of Food and Energy Commodities in Selected Major Commodity Markets (15 July 2021 = 100) (a) Corn and wheat
Average Prices of Food and Energy Commodities in Selected Major Commodity Markets (15 July 2021 = 100) (b) Palm oil and rice
Average Prices of Food and Energy Commodities in Selected Major Commodity Markets (15 July 2021 = 100) (c) Crude oil and natural gas
Number of Effective Food Trade Restrictions, 2022
Food and Energy Net Trade—Selected Asian Economies (% of GDP)
Foreign Exchange Rates of Asian Economies (15 July 2021 = 100) (a) South Asia
Foreign Exchange Rates of Asian Economies (15 July 2021 = 100) (b) Southeast Asia
Foreign Exchange Rates of Asian Economies (15 July 2021 = 100) (c) Central Asia
Foreign Exchange Rates of Asian Economies (15 July 2021 = 100) (d) East Asia
Foreign Exchange Rates of Asian Economies (15 July 2021 = 100) (e) Pacific and Oceania
Changes in Estimated 2022 Import Prices of Food and Energy Commodities in Local Currency—Asia and the Pacific (3 January 2022 to 30 November 2022, %) (a) Crude oil and natural gas
Changes in Estimated 2022 Import Prices of Food and Energy Commodities in Local Currency—Asia and the Pacific (3 January 2022 to 30 November 2022, %) (b) Palm oil and rice
Changes in Estimated 2022 Import Prices of Food and Energy Commodities in Local Currency—Asia and the Pacific (3 January 2022 to 30 November 2022, %) (c) Corn and wheat
Newly Effective Free Trade Agreements—Asia and the Pacific
New Regional Trade Agreements in Asia and the Pacific, December 2021–December 2022
Recently Upgraded/Expanded Trade Agreements—Asia and the Pacific
Selected Digital Trade Agreements in Asia and the Pacific
Digital Policy Interventions—Selected Asian Economies (a) Number of interventions (cumulative since 2019)
Digital Policy Interventions—Selected Asian Economies (b) % Share of interventions by type (2020–2022)
Trade-Related Measures—Asia and the Pacific
Share of Total Trade Covered by Restrictive and Liberalizing Interventions by Region—World (%) (a) Share of total trade covered by restrictive interventions
Share of Total Trade Covered by Restrictive and Liberalizing Interventions by Region—World (%) (b) Share of total trade subject to liberalizing interventions
Share of Total Trade Covered by Restrictive and Liberalizing Interventions by Asian Subregion (%) (a) Share of total trade subject to restrictive interventions
Share of Total Trade Covered by Restrictive and Liberalizing Interventions by Asian Subregion (%) (b) Share of total trade subject to liberalizing interventions
Share of Total Trade Subject to Trade Interventions from 2019 to 2022, by Selected Commodity Group— Asia and the Pacific (%) (a) Share of total trade covered by restrictive interventions
Share of Total Trade Subject to Trade Interventions from 2019 to 2022, by Selected Commodity Group— Asia and the Pacific (%) (b) Share of total trade covered by liberalizing interventions
Total Inward Foreign Direct Investment— Balance of Payments
Top 10 Destinations of Foreign Direct Investment—World and Asia and the Pacific ($ billion)
Quarterly Global Inward Foreign Direct Investment—Firm-Level ($ billion) (a) Greenfield FDI
Quarterly Global Inward Foreign Direct Investment—Firm-Level ($ billion) (b) M&A
Foreign Direct Investment by Mode of Entry—Asia and the Pacific, Firm-Level ($ billion)
Quarterly Inward Foreign Direct Investment—Asia and the Pacific, Firm-Level ($ billion) (a) Greenfield FDI
Quarterly Inward Foreign Direct Investment—Asia and the Pacific, Firm-Level ($ billion) (b) M&A
Top Recipients of Increased Foreign Direct Investment in Asia and the Pacific, Firm-Level
Total Inward Foreign Direct Investment to Asia and the Pacific by Sector—Firm-Level ($ billion) (a) Greenfield FDI
Total Inward Foreign Direct Investment to Asia and the Pacific by Sector—Firm-Level ($ billion) (b) M&A
Average Project and Deal Size by Sector—Asia and the Pacific ($ million)
Inward Greenfield Foreign Direct Investment Job Creation—Asia and the Pacific (a) By source
Inward Greenfield Foreign Direct Investment Job Creation—Asia and the Pacific (b) By sector (count, million)
Intraregional Foreign Direct Investment—Asia and the Pacific, Firm-Level, by Mode of Entry ($ billion) (a) Greenfield FDI
Intraregional Foreign Direct Investment—Asia and the Pacific, Firm-Level, by Mode of Entry ($ billion) (b) M&A
Greenfield Investment in Asia and the Pacific, by Selected Business Activity—2003–2007 versus 2017– 2021 (annual average, $ billion)
Foreign Direct Investment Concentration Index—Firm-Level Investment (a) Investor (source) concentration
Foreign Direct Investment Concentration Index—Firm-Level Investment (b) Sector concentration
Global Outward Foreign Direct Investment by Source—Balance of Payments
Top 10 Sources of Foreign Direct Investment—World and Asia and the Pacific ($ billion)
Quarterly Outward Foreign Direct Investment—Asia and the Pacific, Firm-Level ($ billion) (a) Greenfield FDI
Quarterly Outward Foreign Direct Investment—Asia and the Pacific, Firm-Level ($ billion) (b) M&A
Explicit Restrictions in Investment Laws—Selected Asia and Pacific Economies
Average Statutory Corporate Income Tax Rate by Region and Subregion, 1980–2021 (%)
Corporate Income Tax Revenue, 2010 and 2019 (% of GDP)
Revenue Forgone in Corporate Income Tax and Investment in Selected Asia and Pacific Economies, 2019 (%) (a) Overall
Revenue Forgone in Corporate Income Tax and Investment in Selected Asia and Pacific Economies, 2019 (%) (b) By source: CIT
Revenue Forgone in Corporate Income Tax and Investment in Selected Asia and Pacific Economies, 2019 (%) (c) By beneficiary: businesses
Revenue Forgone in Corporate Income Tax and Investment in Selected Asia and Pacific Economies, 2019 (%) (d) By policy goal: attract/promote investment
Average Revenue Forgone by Tax Type—Selected Economies (a) Number of provisions and average revenue forgone, by tax base (level 2, 1990–2020)
Average Revenue Forgone by Tax Type—Selected Economies (b) Evolution of revenue forgone, by income tax type (%)
Investment Incentives By Type, 2011–2021 (count) (a) By region
Investment Incentives By Type, 2011–2021 (count) (b) By Asian subregion
Economies Providing Investment Tax Incentives with Sector Conditions
Investment Tax Incentives by Domestic Laws and Granting Authorities
Examples of Green Incentives Used in Selected Asia and Pacific Economies
Broadband and Mobile Subscriptions and Service Cost in 2020 (a) Broadband